See also: List of Greek cities in Thrace and Dacia
The recent radiocarbon dates from the earliest levels in Carthage situate the founding of this Tyrian colony in the years 835–800 cal BC, which coincides with the dates handed down by Flavius Josephus and Timeus for the founding of the city." Greek colonies
The most famous and successful of Phoenician colonies was Carthage, a colony founded from Tyre in 814–813 BC., home of the Carthaginians, who would be great enemies of Rome and founders of Kart-Hadasht ( Qart-ḥadašt, literally "New Town", and named after the roman conquest Carthago Nova) in the southeast of Spain.Īccording to María Eugenia Aubet, Professor of Archaeology at the Universidad Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona: "The earliest presence of Phoenician material in the West is documented within the precint of the ancient city of Huelva, Spain.The high proportion of Phoenician pottery among the new material found in 1997 in the Plaza de las Monjas in Huelva argues in favor of a regular presence of Phoenician people from the start of the 9th century BC. They had trading contacts in Egypt and Greece, and established colonies as far west as modern Spain, at Gadir (modern Cádiz).įrom Gadir the Phoenicians controlled access to the Atlantic Ocean and the trade routes to Britain. The Phoenicians were the major trading power in the Mediterranean in the early part of the first millennium BC. The Archaeological Institute of America reports that the earliest dated ship-75 feet long, dating to 3000 BC – may have possibly belonged to Pharaoh Aha. Shipbuilding was known to the Ancient Egyptians as early as 3000 BC, and perhaps earlier. Narmer had Egyptian pottery produced in Canaan and exported back to Egypt, from regions such as Arad, En Besor, Rafiah, and Tel ʿErani. An Egyptian colony that was stationed in southern Canaan dates to slightly before the First Dynasty.
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